Gerbers

Gerber – one of the best срезочных the cultures, strongly taken the place in industrial floriculture.

The sort гербера (Gerbera) астровых unites families about 80 kinds. For the first time it has been described in 1737 Dutch ботаником by E.Gronoviusom. It is named in honour of German botany and doctor T.Gerber. In the nature гербера meets to Southern Africa, on Madagascar, in India, China, Mongolia, Japan, the South America, Australia.

All versions cultural герберы occur from the South African long-term kind гербера Dzhemsona (Gerbera jamesonii), for the first time found out in 1878 in Transvaale A. Remanom. This kind grows at height of 500-600 m above sea level among grassy meadows, dumetose. Blossoms two times a year - in the spring and in the autumn.

Into culture гербера it is entered much after many popular cultures. In 1888 Medli Wood, the curator of the Botanical garden in Durban, has directed plants in Kju. In 1889 in botanical magazine there was a kind description together with the first colour illustration. So гербера has got to Europe. Selection has been begun by Englishm I.Lynch at Kembrizhdsky university, then continued in France and Italy. The majority of commercial grades is received by crossing Gerbera jamesonii and Gerbera viridiflora.

In the XX-th century beginning гербера has got a great popularity, but in connection with instability to mushroom diseases its industrial production in 30th years was considerably reduced, and in days of II World war it almost has completely disappeared from floriculture in Europe. After war there was a new wave of interest to this culture thanks to works of the Dutch flower growers which have created new races герберы and have developed technics of reproduction by its shanks. The big contribution to selection and perfection of technology of cultivation герберы experts of the USA, Japan have brought also, Germany. To our country гербера has come in 1925, but its industrial development has begun only in 60th years.

Inflorescences герберы – baskets differ on the size, colouring and the form. They consist from functionally various язычковых and tubular цветков, located on the expanded receptacle. In industrial floriculture some types герберы are extended: